Distinctive Immunological Signatures Define Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Persistence in Vaccinated Cattle.

ABSTRACT: Persistent infection with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) develops in over 50% of infected ruminants, presenting major obstacles to disease control and eradication. To clarify host immune correlates of FMDV persistence, we characterized systemic T- and B-cell responses, as well as mucosal responses in 15 vaccinated cattle following experimental FMDV challenge. The prevalence of FMDV persistence was 53.3%. While peripheral CD4⁺, CD8⁺, and γδ T-cell populations and their respective naïve/memory/effector subpopulations showed comparable frequencies between carriers and noncarriers, carriers exhibited significantly lower frequencies of IFN-γ-producing CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes during early infection, indicating compromised cell-me

SUBMITTER: Zhang Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12745507 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature