Microbiota γ-Butyrobetaine Is Associated With Increased Risk of Major Adverse Limb Events in People With Lower Extremity Arterial Disease Undergoing Endovascular Therapy.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Peripheral artery disease (PAD), a significant contributor to both acute and chronic illnesses, indicates a grave prognosis, but it is often unrecognized and receives inadequate treatment. γ-Butyrobetaine, formed during gut microbial metabolism of L-carnitine, acts as a proatherogenic intermediate in the production of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). While TMAO has been linked to a heightened risk of cardiovascular mortality of individuals with PAD, the impact of γ-butyrobetaine remains unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the prognostic value of serum γ-butyrobetaine for patients with PAD.

Methods

We prospectively enrolled 395 patients with symptomatic PAD. Comprehensive medical histories, encompassing demographic and medication data, were col

SUBMITTER: Chen ZW 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12748064 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Aug

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature