Frequency-dependent photic modulation of wakeful consolidation in visual learning.

ABSTRACT: Consolidation of encoded information during both sleep and wakefulness is crucial for learning, yet wakeful consolidation remains largely uncharted. Here, we demonstrate frequency-dependent modulation of the wakeful consolidation of visual learning by repetitive visual stimulation (RVS). Participants were trained on an orientation discrimination task and then exposed to flickering gratings at different temporal frequencies to modulate consolidation. We found that the 10-Hz grating RVS improved subsequent discrimination performance, while the 1-Hz grating RVS impaired it. These modulatory effects disappeared when gratings were replaced with uniform disks in RVS or when training was omitted, suggesting that such effects rely on early-stage sensory processing and reflect the modulation of con

SUBMITTER: Yang XY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12749139 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature