Experimental and modeling studies for the simultaneous removal anionic dyes in single and binary systems using activated clay.

ABSTRACT: The treatment of dyes and pigments represents a significant environmental challenge worldwide. This study investigates the adsorption of Bemacid Blue (BB) and Congo Red (CR) using hydrochloric acid-activated bentonite clay treated at an 8 N concentration (B-8 N), in both single and binary dye systems. The adsorbent material was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), differential thermal analysis (DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The processes of adsorption, desorption, and regeneration were examined. In binary systems at 55 °C, the adsorption capacity for CR (247.72 mg g⁻¹) exceeded that for BB (152 mg g⁻¹). The pseudo-second-order kinetic model, the Extended Sips and Extended Langmuir isotherms most accurately characterized th

SUBMITTER: Bousemat H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12749846 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature