KAL suppresses cholangiocarcinoma growth via downregulating miR-21 and modulating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway.

ABSTRACT: This study aims to explore the mechanism by which KAL inhibits the proliferation and migration of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) cells through the downregulation of miR-21, thereby modulating the PTEN/AKT signaling pathway. Cholangiocarcinoma cell lines HUCCT1 and RBE were cultured and transfected with KAL overexpression plasmids or miR-21 mimics. Transfection efficiency was validated by Western blot. Cell viability was assessed using the CCK8 assay, apoptosis levels were analyzed via flow cytometry, and cell invasion capability was evaluated through Transwell assays. PIP3 levels were measured using ELISA. Western blot was used to detect the expression levels of PTEN, AKT/mTOR signaling pathway proteins, and apoptosis-related proteins, including BCL-2 and Cleaved-Caspase3. Dual-luciferase report

SUBMITTER: Huang J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12749962 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature