TIM-3 blockade reverses oncolytic vaccinia virus-induced DCs inactivation and T cells exhaustion to improve antitumor immunity and therapeutic efficacy.

ABSTRACT: Oncolytic vaccinia viruses (OVV) demonstrate the capacity to inflame the tumor microenvironment (TME) and elicit infiltrating tumor-specific T cells responses. However, OVV treatment paradoxically alters the cancer-immune equilibrium within tumors, attenuating anti-tumor immunity and necessitating a deeper understanding of the viral-induced immune landscape to optimize therapeutic potential. This study investigates the impact of single-domain antibody-armed OVs targeting TIM-3 on TME remodeling, aiming to overcome localized immunosuppression and enhance tumor responsiveness to immunotherapeutic interventions. We engineered a tumor-selective OVV vector encoding single-domain antibodies against murine (mNbTIM3) or human (hNbTIM3) TIM-3. The therapeutic efficacy of OVV-mNbTIM3 was evaluated a

SUBMITTER: Ye P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12751143 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature