Climatic, environmental, and social factors in Visceral Leishmaniasis: A spatio-temporal perspective in Brazilian biomes.

ABSTRACT: Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) remain a major global public health challenge, with considerable economic and social impacts. Phlebotomine sand flies, the vectors of the protozoan responsible for visceral leishmaniasis (VL), are highly sensitive to climatic and environmental conditions, which define biome characteristics. Brazil has six distinct biomes, offering a unique setting to explore the spatial variability of VL. We identified and compared climatic, environmental, and social variables associated with VL incidence (IncVL) across Brazilian municipalities and within each biome, excluding Pampa and Pantanal due to insufficient analytical robustness. The dependent variable was the triennial cumulative incidence of human VL (2008-2022). Independent variables included climatic factors (temper

SUBMITTER: Kersul MG 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12752973 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature