COVID-19 vaccination induces cross-reactive dengue virus antibodies with altered isotype profiles and <i>in vitro</i> antibody-dependent enhancement.

ABSTRACT:

Background

SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 vaccination can induce antibodies that cross-react with dengue virus (DENV). Pre-existing IgG antibodies against DENV are known to enhance infection through antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) via Fcγ receptors. COVID-19 vaccines induce an altered IgG subclass distribution with modified Fcγ receptor affinity. This study investigates the isotype profile of DENV cross-reactive antibodies induced by COVID-19 vaccination and their potential to mediate ADE.

Methods

We retrospectively collected 271 serum samples from individuals in Taiwan who were either SARS-CoV-2-unvaccinated, vaccinated with 1-3 doses of COVID-19 vaccine, recipients of an Omicron-era booster, or previously recovered from dengue infection. Antibody titers (IgM, IgA,

SUBMITTER: Reinig S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12753992 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature