Immunosuppressive and antiinfectious regimens in vascular composite allograft recipients-a systematic review.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) has achieved significant clinical success, but lifelong immunosuppression remains essential to prevent rejection. Despite potent regimens, including tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids, rejection episodes frequently occur within the first postoperative year. The side effects of immunosuppressive drugs must be carefully balanced against the risks of insufficient therapy. This review specifically aims to evaluate current immunosuppressive regimens and infection prophylaxis in VCA to identify evidence based approaches that attempt to mitigate rejection, prevent infections, and improve long-term graft survival.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted across PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science data

SUBMITTER: Knoedler L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12756177 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature