Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy: Real-Time In-Situ Physical and Chemical Characterization of Reverse Osmosis Desalination Membrane Scaling.

ABSTRACT: We introduce a stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) methodology designed for rapid, real-time, and in situ monitoring of RO membrane scaling adapted for bench-scale desalination flow cells. The methodology can provide new insights into membrane scaling dynamics by offering time-resolved reflection imaging of inorganic crystal growth, coupled with chemical identification from Raman spectral data. These capabilities allow for direct local measurement of the membrane surface area covered by different scalants as well as an approximation of the scalant volume using three-dimensional, integrated Raman intensity. The 2D and 3D SRS results obtained from CaSO₄ scaling experiments are compared to and are in reasonable agreement with those provided by confocal microscopy. The real-tim

SUBMITTER: Simmons YL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12756921 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature