Recent Advances in Catalytic Conversion of Bioethanol to 1,3-Butadiene: Reaction Mechanism, Catalyst Design, and Process Scalability.

ABSTRACT: 1,3-Butadiene (BD), a symmetric C₄ diene, is a primary precursor for numerous synthetic rubbers and is sourced largely from the naphtha cracking process. Sustainable BD production from renewable biomass is indispensable for preserving the environment through the circular economy. Ethanol-to-BD (ETB) has particularly witnessed a resurgence in recent years, following two different routes: one-step conversion and two-step process via acetaldehyde. The present review article critically examines the current state-of-the-art research progress of the ETB processes, in terms of historical perspective, reaction mechanism, kinetics, thermodynamics, multifunctional heterogeneous catalysts, reaction parameters, and economic-environmental impact analysis. The ETB processes encompass a comple

SUBMITTER: Varma AR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12767281 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature