Genetic, pathogenic, and antigenic characterization of GX-1, a novel infectious bronchitis virus genotype identified in South Korea.

ABSTRACT: Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), a highly contagious avian coronavirus, remains a major threat to global poultry production due to its rapid genetic evolution and frequent antigenic shifts. During a nationwide surveillance program in South Korea (2024-2025), we identified a previously unrecognized IBV lineage within dead birds in commercial chicken flocks. The Spike 1 (S1) gene of the IBVs belonging to this lineage exhibited less than 75 % nucleotide identity with those of any previously reported IBV genotypes. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that this virus forms a distinct monophyletic clade, with no evidence of recombination detected within the S1 gene. On the basis of these genetic and phylogenetic characteristics, we propose that this virus represents the first lineage of a novel

SUBMITTER: Kim SJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12767831 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature