Allostatic load and progression of cardio-renal multimorbidity: A UK biobank study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cardio-renal multimorbidity (CRM), the coexistence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), imposes a significant healthcare burden. Allostatic load (AL), indicating cumulative physiological dysregulation from chronic stress, may be a modifiable risk factor for CRM.

Methods

This study included 396,927 participants with a median follow-up of 13.67 years. AL was assessed via 10 biomarkers. Multistate models were used to analyze transitions from health to first cardio-renal disease (FCRD), to CRM, and to death.

Results

Higher AL was significantly associated with increased risks of progression from health to FCRD, to CRM, and to death. The transition from FCRD to CRM was most affected by high AL. AL also had a stronger association with

SUBMITTER: Zhu Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12768364 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature