Three-Dimensional Reconstruction and Extended Reality in Thoracic Surgery: Japanese Expert Recommendations From the Anatomy on the Border Expert Consensus Meeting.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Precise spatial understanding of the bronchovascular tree is essential for anatomical lung resection. Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction and extended-reality (XR) technologies have emerged as tools for preoperative planning, navigation, and education. We aimed to assess the current use and efficacy of 3D and XR technologies in thoracic surgery in Japan and develop expert recommendations.

Methods

Two clinical survey questions on the usefulness of 3D imaging in thoracic surgery and that of VR, AR, and MR were sent to 125 certified thoracic surgical centers. PubMed searches targeted thoracic 3D and XR studies, including English-language randomized, prospective, and retrospective studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. Draft statements were refined at the

SUBMITTER: Kudo Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12770078 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan-Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature