Intratumoral and peritumoral radiomics for the pretreatment prediction of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in rhabdomyosarcoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), the most common soft-tissue sarcoma in children, exhibits heterogeneous responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), necessitating reliable biomarkers for early prediction. This multicenter study evaluates MRI-derived radiomic features of intratumoral and peritumoral regions to predict NAC response in the largest pediatric RMS cohort to date.

Materials and methods

A retrospective analysis included 519 RMS patients from three Chinese centers. Radiologists manually segmented tumors and 2-mm peritumoral regions on standardized T1-weighted contrast-enhanced (T1CE) and T2-weighted fat-saturated (T2Fs) MRI sequences. PyRadiomics extracted 1015 radiomic features, with robustness ensured (ICC ≥ 0.80) and predictive features selected via L

SUBMITTER: Zhang G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12770143 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature