Identification and validation of SUN modification-related anti-PD-1 immunotherapy-resistance signatures to predict prognosis and immune microenvironment status in glioblastoma.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Ubiquitination, SUMOylation, and neddylation (collectively termed SUN modifications) play crucial roles in cancer pathogenesis and immunotherapy resistance. This study investigated the prognostic significance of these modifications in glioblastoma (GBM).

Methods

Key genes associated with SUN modifications and anti-PD-1 resistance were identified using integrated bioinformatic approaches, including differential expression analysis, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), and machine learning algorithms. The expression levels of identified genes were subsequently validated in GBM cell lines using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. A prognostic risk model was constructed based on the key genes. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptome

SUBMITTER: Zhang H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12771811 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature