Laterality and Completeness Patterns of Nonsyndromic Clefts in a Multiethnic Cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

Orofacial clefts may involve the complete vertical thickness of the lip (complete) or partial thickness (incomplete). This study evaluates side preference for completeness in nonsyndromic asymmetric bilateral and unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P).

Design

We studied 4 multiethnic cohorts from North and South America, Asia, and Africa, including 3,561 individuals with NSCL/P. Associations between cleft completeness, sex, ethnicity, and race were assessed using Chi-square or Fisher's exact test (α=0.05).

Participants

Patients with NSCL/P with complete information on cleft type and completeness were included. Our main goal was to analyze side preference of complete clefting in different demographic groups, sex and race.

Results

Am

SUBMITTER: Spencer C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12772681 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature