ApoA1-driven cholesterol efflux and macrophage polarization orchestrate T-cell differentiation towards controlling Leishmania donovani pathogenesis.

ABSTRACT: Lipid metabolism plays a decisive role in host-pathogen interactions and immune regulation, with apolipoproteins (Apo) being central to this process. However, their role in leishmaniasis remains unexplored. Herein, we deliberate the immunoregulatory function of ApoA1 during Leishmania donovani infection using THP-1-derived macrophages alone and in combination with T lymphocytes derived from human PBMC. We found low serum ApoA1 levels in active VL and PKDL than in healthy controls. It was shown that direct interaction of ApoA1 with ABCA1 (ATP-binding cassette transporter A1) on macrophages promotes cholesterol efflux, reflected by increased HDL levels and reduced total cellular cholesterol. This phenomenon was associated with reduced Leishmania infectivity and its downstream signaling in ma

SUBMITTER: Kumar V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12775519 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature