The effect of smoking on the radiological and functional outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with anchored standalone cages.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Anchored standalone cages for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ASC-ACDF) are easier to implant but have higher subsidence rates compared to anterior plating constructs. Smoking is a known risk factor for subsidence, however, there are conflicting reports on its effect on functional outcomes. This study aims to evaluate the impact of smoking on radiological and functional outcomes of patients undergoing ASC-ACDF.

Methods

Patients who underwent primary single- and double-level ASC-ACDF between 2015-2022 were reviewed. Inclusion: diagnosis of cervical myelopathy, radiculopathy or myeloradiculopathy, age range 40-90 years old. Exclusion: previous cervical spine surgery, diagnosis of tumor or infection. Patients were divided into non-smokers (NS) or current and

SUBMITTER: Yang C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12775609 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature