An updated review on systemic therapy for brain metastases in non-small cell lung cancer.

ABSTRACT: Brain metastases (BrM) are a frequent and devastating complication of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), affecting up to 40% of patients during their disease course. Historically, treatment relied primarily on surgery and radiation, as systemic therapies were thought to have limited activity in the central nervous system (CNS). However, over the past two decades, the development of more targeted therapies has transformed the treatment landscape. Many of these newer agents have improved CNS penetration, which may offer patients the possibility of deferring or reducing the need for local therapies and their associated toxicities. Despite these advances, many challenges remain. There is still a lack of consistent inclusion of BrM patients in clinical trials, and when they are included, there

SUBMITTER: Louis S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12776225 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature