Sex-dimorphic reprogramming of fetal mouse brain development by maternal estradiol excess.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Gestational environmental perturbations can induce sex-specific developmental programming, increasing offspring susceptibility to chronic diseases. While prenatal high estradiol (HE) exposure has been associated with male-biased neurodevelopmental disorders, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods

Using spatial transcriptomics in a murine HE exposure model, we systematically characterized sex-divergent molecular and cellular responses in fetal brains. Through cell type identification, spatial mapping, ligand-receptor interaction analysis, and transcription factor activity assessment, we examined gene expression profile, intra-regional signaling pathway, and regulon activity variations. Additionally, we performed immunofluorescence to characteri

SUBMITTER: Wang H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12777311 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature