Young pharmacists as tomorrow's decision-makers: tool validation and perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking in Lebanon.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The perception of pharmacy policymaking among early-career pharmacists is crucial for developing and advancing the profession. This study aimed to construct and validate a new tool, the Pharmaceutical Policymaking Perception Scale (PPPS), and assess pharmacy students' and graduates' perceptions of pharmaceutical policymaking in Lebanon.

Methods

A standardized questionnaire was disseminated through electronic platforms. It included sociodemographic characteristics, education-related variables, and scales measuring leadership, general self-efficacy, strategic thinking, and public service motivation. The validity of the newly developed PPPS was confirmed, and concepts were linked through multivariate analyses.

Results

The PPPS tool exhibited excellent psychome

SUBMITTER: Haddad C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12777755 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature