Alteration in tongue coating microbiota across different stages of hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Hepatitis B virus-related chronic liver disease (HBV-CLD), chronic hepatitis B (CHB), liver cirrhosis (LC), and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients' tongue coating microbiota dysbiosis has not yet been clearly defined.

Objectives

We aimed to reveal shifts in the bacterial composition of tongue coating microbiota during the progression of HBV-CLD in three different phases.

Design

We examined tongue coating microbiota of 16 healthy individuals and 81 patients with HBV-CLD, including 25 with CHB, 27 with LC, and 29 with HCC, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing technique.

Results

The bacterial richness in tongue coating was higher in patients with HBV-CLD (all P < 0.05) than in healthy controls. A clear clustering pattern between patients with HBV-

SUBMITTER: Pervaiz U 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12777929 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature