STING stimulation via supramolecular prodrug hydrogel boosts innate-adaptive immune cross-talk to prevent glioblastoma recurrence.

ABSTRACT: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most aggressive primary brain tumor, demonstrates persistent resistance to immunotherapy due to its profoundly immunosuppressive microenvironment and markedly limited T cell infiltration. In this context, we engineered a STING agonist-incorporated prodrug hydrogel that orchestrates dual activation of innate and adaptive immunity to prevent postoperative GBM recurrence. We found that this in situ-forming hydrogel integrates seamlessly with tumor resection procedures, serves as a drug depot for sustained tumoral releases of therapeutic agents, and thus reprograms the tumor microenvironment by promoting M1 macrophage polarization, suppressing regulatory T cell activity, and enhancing cytotoxic T lymphocyte infiltration, thereby establishing a robust antitumo

SUBMITTER: Shang Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12778064 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature