Phytochemical profiling and anticancer activity of the n-butanol fraction from Ardisia villosa extract: Inhibition of gastric cancer cell proliferation via cell cycle arrest and senescence induction.

ABSTRACT: Medicinal plants serve as valuable sources for anticancer drug discovery. This study investigated the anticancer potential of the n-butanol fraction from Ardisia villosa extract against breast and gastric cancer cell lines. Phytochemical profiling using UPLC-QToF-MS in both positive and negative ESI modes identified 118 putative compounds, including flavonoids, lignans, alkaloids, triterpenoids, steroids, coumarins, and phenolic acids. The n-butanol fraction exhibited dose-dependent antiproliferative effects, with IC50 values of 60.2 µg/mL (MCF-7), 85.2 µg/mL (MKN45), and 51.7 µg/mL (AGS). In AGS gastric cancer cells, the extract significantly inhibited 3D tumorsphere formation and suppressed cell migration at concentrations as low as 50 µg/mL (p < 0.001). Additionally, n-butanol fraction

SUBMITTER: Hua NM 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12782380 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature