Antibiotic-induced loss of gut microbiome metabolic output correlates with clinical responses to CAR T-cell therapy.

ABSTRACT:

Abstract

Antibiotic (ABX)-induced microbiome dysbiosis is widespread in oncology, adversely affecting outcomes and side effects of various cancer treatments, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapies. In this study, we observed that prior exposure to broad-spectrum ABXs with extended anaerobic coverage such as piperacillin-tazobactam and meropenem was associated with worse anti-CD19 CAR-T therapy survival outcomes in patients with large B-cell lymphoma (N = 422) than other ABX classes. In a discovery subset of these patients (n = 67), we found that the use of these ABXs was in turn associated with substantial dysbiosis of gut microbiome function, resulting in significant alterations of the gut and blood metabolome, including micro

SUBMITTER: Prasad R 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12782970 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature