Orthodontic Visits According to Socioeconomic Status Among Children Living in the City of Kuopio, Finland: The PANIC Study.

ABSTRACT:

Objective

The aim of the present study was to examine whether the parental socioeconomic status of children was related to the number of orthodontic visits or orthodontic care from birth to adolescence.

Material and methods

The analyses are based on data from the Physical Activity and Nutrition in Children (PANIC) study in a population sample of 504 children aged 7-9 years at baseline in 2007-2009. Parental education and household income at baseline were used as indicators of parental socioeconomic status. The number of orthodontic visits from birth to the age of 16 years was obtained from local healthcare registers.

Results

On average, the participants had 16.1 (standard deviation [SD] 15.6) orthodontic visits during the follow-up period of 15.9 (SD 0.72) years. Of t

SUBMITTER: Viisanen M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12784281 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature