The Landscape of Integrated Domains of Angiosperm NLR Genes Reveals Continuous Architecture Evolution of Plant Intracellular Immune Receptors.

ABSTRACT: Nucleotide-binding site-leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins are key intracellular immune receptors in plants. Integrated domains (IDs) can occasionally be fused with NLRs, contributing to their functional diversity. However, the diversity and evolutionary patterns of NLR-IDs across angiosperms remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed 305 angiosperm genomes and found that the proportion of NLR genes containing IDs (NLR-ID genes) ranges from 0% to 38.3%, with an average of 10.6%. A total of 1226 unique IDs were identified, some of which are widely distributed, while others are specific to particular taxa. Notably, 415 of these IDs are homologous to plant proteins targeted by pathogen effectors, suggesting their role as candidate decoys. Comparative analysis of NLR-IDs in two subfa

SUBMITTER: Zeng Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12787737 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature