Evolutionary trajectories and zoonotic potential of a PB2 mutation triad (I147T, K339T, and A588T) in avian influenza viruses.

ABSTRACT: Efficient replication of influenza A viruses (IAVs) requires balanced activities of hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA), and the RNA polymerase complex, whose functions are strongly influenced by PB2 mutations. We previously revealed three distinct evolutionary pathways for PB2 mutations, with two pathways leading to the emergence of viral strains responsible for human seasonal infections and the 2009 pandemic, and a third pathway giving rise to H5Nx highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) defined by a triad of mutations (I147T, K339T, and A588T) that occasionally spill over to humans. Here, we investigated the zoonotic risk posed by this triad and elucidated its evolutionary relationship with HA, NA, and vaccination. Recombinant PR8 and clade 2.3.2.1c H5N1 viruses carrying t

SUBMITTER: Son SE 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12797896 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature