Association between socioeconomic status and diabetic retinopathy in individuals with type 1 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Despite improvements in screening and diabetes management, diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a leading cause of vision loss in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Although clinical risk factors for DR are well established, the impact of socioeconomic status (SES) on DR risk remains poorly defined. The objective of this study was to estimate the association between SES and DR in people with T1D.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to May 2025 for observational studies evaluating the association between SES and DR prevalence or incidence in individuals with T1D. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using the ROBINS-E tool. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted

SUBMITTER: Sebastian-Valles F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12798038 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature