Sex differences in the association between cardiovascular risk factors and coronary artery calcification progression among individuals without coronary artery calcium.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cardiovascular risk factors are determinants of coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression. However, whether the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on CAC progression among participants with CAC = 0 differs by sex remains unclear.

Method

This study included 1815 participants 33-45 years of age from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study at baseline who had CAC measured both at baseline and five years later. CAC was measured using computed tomography. Risk factor measurements included body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, total cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, systolic blood pressure (BP), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and smoking status.

Results

CAC progression was significantly higher among men than women (2.25 (8.68)

SUBMITTER: Wang JJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12798121 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature