Longitudinal T-Cell Phenotypic Dynamics During Sustained Antiretroviral Therapy in People With HIV.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses HIV replication and partially restores immune function, but immunologic abnormalities often persist.

Methods

We performed longitudinal multiparametric flow cytometry on peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 79 people with HIV-1 (51 women, 28 men) who were virologically suppressed and followed over a median 6 years of ART. We assessed T-cell counts and expression of activation (CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺), cycling (Ki67⁺), exhaustion (TIGIT⁺PD-1⁺), cytotoxicity (CD107a⁺), and regulatory (FoxP3⁺CD25⁺) markers across memory subsets, and we examined associations with sex and HIV reservoir size and activity.

Results

CD4⁺ T-cell counts increased and CD8⁺ T-cell counts declined over time, improving CD4/CD8 ratios. Immune activation and

SUBMITTER: Vanpouille C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12798725 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature