Spatial Transcriptomic Landscape of Brain Metastases from Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Comparison of Primary Tumor and Brain Metastases Using Spatial Analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particularly aggressive subtype of breast cancer, with approximately 30% of patients eventually developing brain metastases (BM), which result in poor outcomes. An understanding of the tumor microenvironment (TME) at both primary and metastatic sites offers insights into the mechanisms underlying BM and potential therapeutic targets.

Materials and methods

Spatial RNA sequencing (spRNA-seq) was performed on primary TNBC and paired BM tissues from three patients, one of whom had previously received immune checkpoint inhibitors before BM diagnosis. Specimen regions were categorized into tumor, proximal, and distal TME based on their spatial locations. Gene expression differences across these zones were analyzed, and immune cell

SUBMITTER: Yoo J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12800949 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature