Development and Validation of a Food Frequency Questionnaire to Assess Fermented Food Consumption in Adults.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Fermented foods can confer benefits to human health and modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis. Fermented foods are gaining popularity in Western cultures, with increasing calls for their inclusion in national dietary guidelines. As no specific validated measure to capture fermented food intake exists, this study aimed to develop and validate a fermented food intake questionnaire (FFIQ) to assess habitual intake in adults from the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Ireland, Australia and New Zealand, aged 18-60 years.

Methods

A 32-item self-administered FFIQ, informed by available international food consumption data for adults, was developed and subsequently validated in an online sample of 167 adults using six online 24-h automated dietary recalls (intake

SUBMITTER: Ferri A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12801178 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature