Symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections broaden the repertoire of Spike-reactive CD4 T cells.

ABSTRACT: SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BTIs) are relatively common, but little is known in terms of differentiating responses associated with asymptomatic BTI (ABTI) versus symptomatic BTI (SBTI). Here, we investigated the impact of ABTI and SBTI on antibody and T-cell responses toward Spike. SBTI donors had significantly higher plasma anti-Spike RBD IgG titers compared to both ABTI and SARS-CoV-2 vaccinated donors with no signs of previous infection (VAX) donors. While no impact of ABTI or SBTIs was found in the magnitude of Spike-specific CD4 and CD8 T-cell responses, both ABTI and SBTI donors had significantly higher CD4 T-cell responses toward non-Spike antigens. In-depth characterization of Spike-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells at scRNA/TCRseq level revealed that ABTI and SBTI induced diffe

SUBMITTER: Johansson E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12802171 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature