Exploring tear fluid biomarkers and the ocular surface in thyroid eye disease.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

To examine ocular surface changes and inflammatory tear fluid biomarkers in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods

We included 106 Graves' disease (GD) patients (36 without TED, 32 with active and 38 with inactive TED) and 106 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects for ophthalmological evaluation, including ocular surface status and Meibomian gland function. Tear fluid was analysed for 40 inflammatory biomarkers by a Luminex multiplex bead assay. The parameters were compared across subgroups.

Results

GD patients with TED had significantly higher median (min-max) Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score than GD patients without TED, with a median score of 31.4 (0-86.4) compared to 7.3 (0-45.8) (p < 0.01). Eleven of 50 patients with moderate-to-severe

SUBMITTER: Neset MT 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12803598 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature