Outcomes of post-operative drain use after cranioplasty surgery - a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cranioplasty restores cranial integrity following decompressive craniectomy or skull trauma. Despite its reconstructive benefits, post-cranioplasty complication rates are high. Post-operative drainage has been proposed to mitigate these risks, yet its effectiveness remains uncertain. This study evaluates the impact of post-cranioplasty drain insertion on surgical outcomes.

Methods

A systematic literature search of MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane CENTRAL Library was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines (PROSPEROID:CRD420251030365). Studies reporting cranioplasty outcomes with post-operative drainage were selected. Primary outcomes were complication rates, including infection, haemorrhage, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak.

Results

Four studies met t

SUBMITTER: Li Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12804277 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature