Prevalence and Patterns of Off-Label Transmucosal Immediate-Release Fentanyl Use in French General Practice: A Mixed-Methods Study Based on a Voluntary Online Survey.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Prescriptions of transmucosal immediate-release fentanyl (TIRF) have increased in recent years, driven by their rapid onset and ease of administration compared to other opioids like morphine and oxycodone, especially for breakthrough pain. A 2022 study reported high rates of off-label TIRF use, particularly among general practitioners (GPs). This study aimed to assess the prevalence and patterns of off-label TIRF use by GPs, and perceived efficacy for predictable pain associated with medical procedures. Secondary objectives included evaluating its use in other specific contexts such as swallowing or alertness disorders, acute pain, and overall tolerability.

Methods

A mixed-methods study was designed to combine qualitative interviews exploring clinical contexts w

SUBMITTER: Guastella V 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12804524 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Feb

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature