Aptamer-Engineered Ellipsometry for Clinical Detection of BALF-Derived Exosomes: Multi-Level Engineering for Prognostic Evaluation of Immunotherapy Responses.

ABSTRACT: Exosomes emerges as indicators of the tumor microenvironment, yet their predictive utility for immunotherapy responses is limited by the insufficient sensitivity and specificity of currently available assays. Here, a multi-level engineering strategy is presented that enables accurate exosome-based prediction of immunotherapy responses by integrating systematic aptamer ligand tailoring, ultrasensitive ellipsometry-based sensing, and clinically relevant tumor-proximal fluid sampling. Aptamers specifically targeting PD-L1 are identified through systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), followed by truncation and computational sequence refinement to enhance binding specificity. The optimized aptamer sequence (Tr-Apt13) is validated from molecular interaction analyses t

SUBMITTER: Jeong E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12806343 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature