Incidence and risk assessment of thyroid dysfunction following immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have significantly enhanced the clinical outcomes for cancer patients. Nevertheless, they may be associated with the occurrence of ICI-associated thyroid dysfunction (ICI-TD). This study aimed to assess the risk of thyroid dysfunction in patients receiving ICI therapy.

Methods

We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for phase II/III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the use of ICIs in malignant tumors. The statistical analyses were conducted using Stata (version 17), and the risk of bias was assessed using Review Manager (version 5.4).

Results

In total, 40 RCTs encompassing 12,376 patients were included. A higher relative risk (RR) of all-grade hyperthyroidism (RR = 9.91,

SUBMITTER: Wang L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12808018 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature