A novel and sustainable synthesis-functionalization strategy for the oxidative cyclization towards 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles using bentonite-supported copper(i) iodide as a green catalyst.

ABSTRACT: This study developed a novel, sustainable approach for synthesizing 2,5-disubstituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles via oxidative cyclization of hydrazones using a heterogeneous bentonite-supported copper(i) iodide (CuI/Bent-NH₂) as a catalyst. CuI/Bent-NH₂ was prepared through a two-step process: functionalization of natural bentonite clay with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and subsequent immobilization of CuI. The structure of CuI/Bent-NH₂ was determined by methods such as FT-IR spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, XRD analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), which confirmed successful surface modification, metal incorporation, an

SUBMITTER: Tran VQ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12809672 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature