Plasma Metabolic Characteristics and Potential Biomarker Combinations in Schizophrenia Patients With Tardive Dyskinesia.

ABSTRACT:

Background and hypothesis

The pathogenesis of tardive dyskinesia (TD) remains unclear, involving multiple biological pathways. This study aimed to explore biomarkers of TD through untargeted metabolomics for the early identification of TD.

Study design

This study recruited 84 schizophrenia (SZ) patients with TD and 160 SZ patients without TD. TD diagnosis was based on the Schooler-Kane criteria, and the severity of TD and psychiatric symptoms were assessed using the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale and the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale. Fasting blood samples were collected from all patients and subjected to untargeted metabolomics analysis using Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry, allowing for the quantification and profi

SUBMITTER: Lu C 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12809859 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature