Mechanics-informed fabric actuators with aligned fiber crossings.

ABSTRACT: Engineering unobtrusive mechanical assistance into daily-life clothing requires energy-dense yet compliant actuators with thin profiles. We report textile actuators by interlacing shape memory alloy (SMA) fibers in a periodic X-Crossing geometry, where fiber crossings align in the actuation contraction axis. An X-Crossing actuator design of 4.5 grams can be passively stretched to 160% and contracts by 50% when heated, lifting 1 kg, outperforming knitted and knotted SMAs. We developed a variable-stiffness mechanics model to predict material-level stress-strain behavior across temperatures and thus the force-contraction relation of device level. This model informs actuator design and control, geometric scaling, peak points in the force-contraction relation, and the theoretical upper bound of

SUBMITTER: Zhang H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12810615 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature