<i>E. coli</i> chemosensing accuracy is not limited by stochastic molecule arrivals.

ABSTRACT: Organisms use specialized sensors to measure their environments, but the principles governing their accuracy are unknown. The bacterium Escherichia coli climbs chemical gradients at speeds bounded by the amount of information it receives from its environment. However, it remains unclear what prevents E. coli cells from acquiring more information. Past work argued that chemosensing by E. coli is limited by the stochastic arrival of molecules at their receptors by diffusion, without providing direct evidence. Here we show instead that E. coli encode two orders of magnitude less information than this physical limit. We develop an information-theoretic approach to quantify how accurately chemical signals can be estimated from observations of molecule arrivals as the

SUBMITTER: Mattingly HH 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12811142 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature