Is Parkinson's disease getting older? Demographic and modifiable determinants of age at onset in a large Italian tertiary care cohort.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder, with age at onset (AAO) influenced by genetic and environmental factors. This study aimed to (i) examine temporal trends in PD AAO over the past four decades in a large tertiary care cohort; and (ii) identify independent associations between AAO and a comprehensive set of demographics, cardiovascular/dysmetabolic, lifestyle, and environmental variables.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective observational study of 13,220 individuals diagnosed with PD between 1998 and 2024 at a tertiary referral center in Italy, excluding genetically confirmed cases. Demographic, clinical, and exposure data were collected via questionnaires and interviews. Temporal trends in AAO were analysed in relation to natio

SUBMITTER: Contaldi E 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12811353 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature