The effect of cigarette and e-cigarette use on periodontal health: A cross-sectional study in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Periodontal disease is a prevalent inflammatory condition influenced by various risk factors, including tobacco use. With the rising popularity of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), their potential impact on periodontal health warrants investigation. The aim was to assess the association between e-cigarette use and periodontal disease compared to traditional cigarette smokers and non-smokers in a Saudi adult population.

Methods

This cross-sectional study included 169 adults in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. Participants completed questionnaires on demographics, tobacco use, and oral hygiene practices. Periodontal status was clinically assessed. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between tobacco type and periodontal disease, adjust

SUBMITTER: Aljoghaiman EA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12811842 | biostudies-literature | 2026

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature