Retinal Amyloid Clearance Enhanced by 40-Hz Light Flicker via MHC-II+ Microglia Regulation in Mice.

ABSTRACT:

Purpose

This study aimed to investigate whether 40-Hz light flicker could modulate the expression of major histocompatibility complex class II (MHC-II) and enhance the clearance of amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition.

Methods

We examined retinal MHC-II expression via RNA sequencing, immunofluorescence, and western blotting in mice 8 weeks, 9 months, and 18 to 20 months old. Retinal metabolic waste accumulation was induced by intravitreal and subretinal injections of Aβ oligomers. The impact of 40-Hz flicker on MHC-II expression, microglial activation, and retinal function was evaluated using immunofluorescence, western blotting, dot immunobinding assay, electroretinography, and optokinetic reflex (OKR) testing. Minocycline was used to inhibit microglial activity.

Results

The 40

SUBMITTER: Sheng W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12811894 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature