Evidence of High Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b Among Poultry in Ghana From 2021 to 2022.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

During the 2021 COVID-19 pandemic, Ghana experienced outbreaks of high pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N1 among poultry.

Objectives

Here, we describe the distribution and genetic characterisation of clade 2.3.4.4b HPAIV H5N1 isolated among poultry.

Methods

We conducted active surveillance for influenza viruses among animals (poultry and swine) and environmental samples across Ghana from 2021 to 2022. Tracheal/cloacal swabs were collected from poultry while nasal/anal swabs were collected from swine. Environmental samples (bird droppings, feathers, and water) were collected from Ramsar sites. We detected the presence of influenza viruses using specific primers and probes and reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions previously described b

SUBMITTER: Nyarko SO 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12812314 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature