Obesity and emerging intervention strategies: mechanistic insights and novel drug targets.

ABSTRACT:

Abstract

Obesity, a global public health crisis driven by complex interactions of genetic, environmental, and behavioral factors, necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies. This review explores the pathogenesis of obesity, emphasizing genetic determinants, metabolic dysregulation, gut microbiota alterations, and energy imbalance. The evolution of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy has progressed from the use of high-risk agents such as amphetamines and thyroid extracts to modern gut hormone-based therapies, notably glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), which effectively suppress appetite and improve glycemic control. Current pharmacologic agents target central appetite regulation or peripheral mechanisms. However, there are still risks such as muscle loss and long-te

SUBMITTER: Feng X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12815558 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature