Injectable Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ionic Gel With Rapid Gelation and Broad Hemostatic Functionality.

ABSTRACT: Rapid and effective bleeding control is critical in emergency care and surgical procedures. This study presents a water-free ionic gel based on a deep eutectic solvent (DES), formulated from choline chloride and ethylene glycol, combined with poly(acrylic acid) and viscosity-modulating additives such as hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) or collagen (COL). The resulting DES ionic gel exhibits fast in situ gelation within 10 s, high viscosity suitable for injection, and robust tissue adhesion. Mechanical evaluations confirmed adequate stretchability, compressive strength, and toughness. Among all tested formulations, the DES-2% HEC formulation demonstrated optimal performance across swelling, optical clarity (> 90%), and environmental stability (T_10%: 131 °C). Antibacterial assays reve

SUBMITTER: Yang JY 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12817119 | biostudies-literature | 2026 Jan

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature